Product Classification & Categories

​Any product for EMC testing can be classified mainly in two different categories Class A and Class B.

Class A equipment:

Equipment suitable for use in all establishments other than domestic and those directly connected to a low voltage power supply network which supplies buildings used for domestic purposes or the establishment gets supplied from dedicated Transformer.

​Class B equipment:

Equipment suitable for use in domestic establishments and in establishments directly connected to a low voltage power supply network which supplies buildings used for domestic purposes.

​Small size equipment

Equipment, either positioned on a table top or standing on the floor, which including its cables fits in an imaginary cylindrical test volume of 1.5 m in diameter and 1.5 m height (to ground plane).

Group 1 equipment:
Group 1 contains all equipment in the scope of this standard which is not classified as group 2 equipment.

Group 2 equipment:

Group 2 contains all ISM RF equipment in which radio frequency energy in the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz is intentionally generated and used or only used locally, in the form of electromagnetic radiation, inductive and/or capacitive coupling, for the treatment of material, for inspection/analysis purposes, or for transfer of electromagnetic energy.

​​​​​Key Testing Procedures

1. Anechoic Chamber Testing

   • Radiated emissions and immunity tests are often performed inside anechoic chambers, which are shielded rooms with absorptive materials to prevent outside electromagnetic waves from interfering with the test and to contain the emitted energy.

   • An antenna is used to measure the radiated EMI emitted by the device under test (DUT). Receivers or spectrum analyzers then measure the intensity of the EMI across various frequencies.

2. Conducted Emissions Testing

   • The device is connected to a Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) to isolate the power supply from the test equipment. The LISN provides a standard impedance so that conducted emissions on the power lines can be accurately measured by a receiver or analyzer.

3. Radiated Immunity Testing

   • The device is exposed to electromagnetic fields generated by a signal generator and power amplifiers. Antennas transmit signals at various frequencies, and the DUT is monitored for functional degradation during exposure.

4. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Testing

   • ESD testing replicates real-world static discharges, often caused by human contact or environmental factors. A discharge gun generates controlled static electricity, which is applied to various points of the DUT, including exposed ports and surfaces.
      

5. Surge and Transient Immunity Testing

   • This test applies sudden voltage spikes or surges to the power and signal lines to evaluate whether the device can withstand such disturbances.

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